Conclusion and References

         Caffeine, as an independent substance, poses some beneficial effects and also exhibits tolerance and some withdrawal symptoms. However, these are relatively mild in comparison to other drugs. As for the pharmacology of the substance, caffeine acts as a non-selective "brake" against adenosine acting on it’s receptors. We can conclude that the major risk of caffeine consumption is actually the combination of its reinforcing effects with the products in which it can be found, such as energy drinks, soda and other generally unhealthy items.

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